The federal government has the authority to impose a broad-based payment ban for any item or service furnished by an excluded individual or entity.

Entities covered include:

• All methods of federal health care program reimbursement, whether payment results from itemized claims, cost reports, fee schedules, or a prospective payment system;
• Payment for administrative and management services not directly related to patient care, but that are a necessary component of providing items and services to federal health care program recipients when those payments are reported on a cost report or are otherwise payable by a  federal health care program; 
• Any items and services furnished at the medical direction or prescription of an excluded physician; and
• Payment to cover an excluded individual’s salary, expenses, or fringe benefits, regardless of whether they provide direct patient care, when those payments are reported on a cost report or are otherwise payable by a federal health care program.